Lt-Care (Liver Transplant-Community Access for Referral Equity) Applied
Investigating Fairness in Liver Transplant Referrals
Lauren Nephew
Primary Investigator
Brief description of study
A previous study (25857) focused on developing a multilevel intervention addressing health related variables and other social/structural barriers faced by patients as the most prominent way to acknowledge and improve LT referral equity. The LT-CARE intervention has been designed and as a part of this protocol, will be delivered to and assessed by patients and health care providers.
Detailed description of study
The long-term goal of LT-CARE (Liver Transplant–Community Access for Referral Equity) is to develop and test a multicomponent referral intervention that addresses health system, provider, and patient-level barriers to improve equity in liver transplant referral. Building on formative work completed in Aim 1. Aims 2 (implementation) and 3 (assessment) will focus on piloting LT-CARE in real-world community gastroenterology (GI) settings and evaluating its implementation and effectiveness.
We will implement LT-CARE in five community GI practices that serve patients experiencing disparities in transplant referral, such as those located in rural areas, serving predominantly racial/ethnic minority populations, or with low waitlisting-to-death ratios. Findings will inform iterative refinements to the intervention and provide preliminary data on the effectiveness of the intervention.
LT-CARE will be implemented over 12 months and includes components delivered at the provider and patient level. Implementation strategies were informed by stakeholder input (previously completed in Aim 1) and align with Implementation Mapping and the NIMHD Health Disparities Research Framework.
Objectives:
1. Implement and Pilot LT-CARE in Community GI Practices.
2. Evaluate Implementation and Preliminary Effectiveness Outcomes
Eligibility of study
You may be eligible for this study if you meet the following criteria:
- Conditions: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), Liver diease, Cancer
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Age: 18 years - 75 years
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Gender: All
Inclusion Criteria
Patients:
• Age between 18 and 75 years
• Referral from one of the five participating community GI practices
• Inpatient or outpatient
• One of the following clinical criteria:
o Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) within UCSF criteria
o MELD 3.0 score >15
o Presence of two or more complications of liver disease, including:
Ascites requiring paracentesis
Hepatic encephalopathy (requiring lactulose)
Jaundice with total bilirubin >3.0 mg/dL
Esophageal variceal bleeding
Community GI Practice / Provider must:
• Be one of five Indiana-based community GI practices selected for participation
• Deliver care to patients with decompensated cirrhosis or other indications for liver transplantation, as determined by the provider
Exclusion Criteria
Patients will be excluded if they:
• Are older than 75 years of age
• Obvious medical contraindications to liver transplantation including:
o Metastatic cancer
o Ejection fraction less than 40%
o BMI over 50
o Bed bound
o Study team will review active alcohol use for eligibility for early LT pathway.
Community GI Practices / Providers will be excluded if they:
• Do not routinely care for patients with liver disease who may be candidates for transplantation
This study investigates how to improve fairness in liver transplant referrals. The purpose is to develop and test a program called LT-CARE, which aims to address barriers faced by patients, healthcare providers, and the health system. The study will be conducted in five community gastroenterology practices that serve groups experiencing disparities, such as those in rural areas or serving minority populations.
Participants will be involved in a program over 12 months. This includes activities for both healthcare providers and patients to help understand and improve the referral process for liver transplants. The study will measure how well the program works and how it can be improved based on feedback from those involved.
- Who can participate: Adults aged 18 to 75 who are referred from participating community GI practices can join. They must meet certain health criteria, such as having specific liver conditions. Providers must be from selected Indiana-based practices.
- Study details: Participants will take part in activities designed to improve the liver transplant referral process. Healthcare providers and patients will work together to identify and overcome barriers. The study will use feedback to refine the program and measure how well it works.
- Study timelines: The study will last 12 months.